Pfizer employs thousands of medicine safety specialists around the world; research scientists, physicians, nurses, pharmacists, epidemiologists, and others. These colleagues work in parallel to and with regulatory authorities to understand, the risks and benefits of our medicines both before and after they are approved for doctors to prescribe to patients. We do this through understanding the science of a medicine collection of adverse event reports, observational studies, and other activities, including independent safety studies we fund but are conducted by third party investigators on our behalf.